Chapter 4: Differences in Culture (Assessment)

Question-1

Robert knows it is important for him to dress appropriately and make sure his hair is neatly trimmed when he goes for an interview because the employer will expect him to do so. This example of a social convention is called a

  • taboo.
  • mandate.
  • value.
  • folkway.
  • rule.

Question-2

In a social context, the term values is used to describe the

  • collective wealth of the society.
  • ideas about what a group believes to be good, right, and desirable.
  • political preferences of a country.
  • economic benefits inherent to a culture.
  • social rules and guidelines about appropriate behavior in public.

Question-3

Bryan has been asked by his manager to directly contact the CEO of the foreign company they are trying to do business. However, Bryan knows that this is not a socially acceptable practice there, and it is better to wait for the company to contact him. Which aspect of culture is guiding Bryan’s decision?

  • attitudes
  • values
  • norms
  • beliefs
  • dispositions

Question-4

In the country of Rudanda, it is very hard for a person born within a particular strata of society to move to a different strata. This means that Rudanda has a low degree of

  • ethnocentrism.
  • dynamism and innovation.
  • entrepreneurial activity.
  • managerial mobility.
  • social mobility.

Question-5

For more than 2,000 years until the 1949 communist revolution, what was the official ethical system of China?

  • Buddhism
  • Shintoism
  • Feng Shui
  • Confucianism
  • Maoism

Question-6

Aamir Baku recently quit her job in a bank because her religion considers the payment or receipt of interest as exploitative and unjust. According to this information, Ms. Baku is a follower of

  • Protestantism.
  • Hinduism.
  • Confucianism.
  • Judaism.
  • Islam.

Question-7

Which religion does not owe its founding to any one particular individual?

  • Islam
  • Christianity
  • Hinduism
  • Catholicism
  • Buddhism

Question-8

Chinese is the mother tongue of the largest number of people, but English is the most widely spoken language in the world. This indicates that

  • Chinese is increasingly becoming the language of international business.
  • Chinese will soon overtake English as the most widely spoken language.
  • many people speak English as a second language.
  • many native English speakers are learning Chinese.
  • the population of native English speakers exceeds that of China

Question-9

Confucianism is based on the idea that personal salvation can be achieved through

  • right action.
  • physical denial.
  • nirvana.
  • spiritual progression.
  • wealth accumulation.

Question-10

Which statement is true of Confucianism?

  • Confucianism preaches about the supernatural, the concept of a supreme being, and an afterlife.
  • Confucian ethics raise the costs of doing business in China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan.
  • Conflict between management and labor tends to be high in the countries that follow Confucianism.
  • Confucianism is a religion principally followed in India, Korea, and Japan.
  • Three values central to Confucianism are loyalty, reciprocal obligations, and honesty in dealing with others.

Question-11

One of the downsides to an emphasis on individualism is that it

  • fails to foster general managerial skills required to find solutions to current problems.
  • is difficult to build teams within an organization to perform collective tasks.
  • discourages competition among employees within a company.
  • discourages managerial mobility.
  • does not support entrepreneurship and innovation.

Question-12

Jason’s company has always emphasized that every employee is an important part of the company’s success and does not highlight individual achievements. By emphasizing the group, Jason’s company will most likely

  • expose managers to different ways of doing business.
  • fail to facilitate self-managing work teams.
  • discourage employees from moving from company to company.
  • foster dynamism and entrepreneurship.
  • encourage competition between members of the group

Question-13

Which statement is true about most Western societies?

  • In Western societies groups, rather than individuals, are the basic building blocks of social organization.
  • It is easier to build and manage teams within organizations in Western societies.
  • The emphasis on individuals in Western societies has led to a low level of entrepreneurial activity.
  • In Western societies, the social standing of individuals is merely a function of who they work for.
  • The value systems of many Western societies emphasize individual achievement.

Question-14

In 1904, Max Weber theorized that there was a relationship between Protestantism and

  • manufacturing.
  • freedom.
  • ethics.
  • personal happiness.
  • capitalism.

Question-15

Max Weber argued that the ascetic principles embedded in _____ do not encourage entrepreneurial activity in pursuit of wealth creation because it is perceived that such activities make the attainment of nirvana more difficult.

  • Hinduism
  • Confucianism
  • capitalism
  • Islam
  • Protestantism

Question-16

Job security and retirement benefits are extremely important to Kevin. Hofstede would say that Kevin exhibits high

  • masculinity.
  • uncertainty avoidance.
  • power distance.
  • class consciousness.
  • collectivism.

Question-17

What is the new “sixth dimension” to be added to Hofstede’s original dimensions?

  • sympathy versus empathy
  • static versus constancy
  • individualism versus collectivism
  • indulgence versus restraint
  • supply versus demand

Question-18

When traveling to another country on business, Jenner was shocked to meet a male nurse. In his hometown, nurses were always female. Jenner’s home country culture displays a high degree of which of Hofstede’s cultural dimensions?

  • low uncertainty avoidance
  • high power distance
  • collectivism
  • masculinity
  • class consciousness

Question-19

Janet believes that the cultural group she belongs to is superior and as a result, she is highly intolerant toward employees from the cultures of other countries. This behavior of Janet is known as

  • class consciousness.
  • Confucian dynamism.
  • ethnocentrism.
  • cultural convergence.
  • cultural literacy.

Question-20

The World Values Survey has linked changes in the values of a country to the country’s

  • participation in political processes.
  • decline in urbanization.
  • level of economic development.
  • ability to innovate.
  • democratic government.

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